Battle of Changshao 684 BC
Recorded location from Wikidata; battle sites are often approximate.
About the battle
The Battle of Changshao (Chinese: 長勺之戰) was a military conflict between Qi and Lu, two major principality states in the Shandong Peninsula during the Spring and Autumn period of the Zhou dynasty. The battle happened in the January (lunar calendar) of 684 BC at Changshao. Lu claimed the victory under the lead of general Cao Gui (曹劌). This battle is described in detail by Zuo Qiuming in his Spring and Autumn Commentary of Zuo (Zuozhuan), but it is not mentioned in Sima Qian's book of Shi Ji. This battle is considered as a classic example of winning by good military strategies, and the well-known chengyu — 鼓作氣 (yī gŭ zuò qì, lit. 'first drum creates spirit', explained below) was derived from Cao Gui's assessment of the battle, as recorded by the Zuozhuan.
Text adapted from the Wikipedia article Battle of Changshao (revision 1370436873), licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: excerpted from the article lead section; formatting and citations removed. No text added.
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