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Battle of Bailén 1808

Battle of Bailén: La Rendición de Bailén (Casado del Alisal)
Image: José Casado del Alisal, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Recorded location from Wikidata; battle sites are often approximate.

Key facts

Date16 July 1808 – 19 July 1808Wikidata
Year1808Wikidata P580 (start time)
Era19th century (1800–1913)derived from year
LocationSpainNatural Earth (modern borders)
ContinentEuropeNatural Earth
War / conflictPeninsular WarWikidata P361
ParticipantsFirst French Empire, Kingdom of SpainWikidata P710
Coordinates38.1000, -3.8000Wikidata P625

About the battle

The Battle of Bailén was fought in 1808 between the Spanish Army's Army of Andalusia, under General Francisco Javier Castaños and the French Imperial Army's 2nd Gironde Observational Corps under Divisional-General Pierre Dupont de l'Étang. The first open-field defeat of a Napoleonic army, the battle's heaviest fighting took place near Bailén (sometimes anglicized as Baylen), a village by the Guadalquivir river in the Jaén province of southern Spain.

In June 1808, following the widespread uprisings against the French occupation of Spain, Napoleon organized French units into flying columns to pacify Spain's major centres of resistance. One column under Dupont was dispatched across the Sierra Morena and south through Andalusia towards the port of Cádiz where a French naval squadron lay at the mercy of the Spanish. The Emperor was confident that with 20,000 men, Dupont would crush any opposition encountered on the way, despite most of them being inexperienced new recruits. Events proved otherwise when Dupont and his men stormed and plundered Córdoba in July.

Text adapted from the Wikipedia article Battle of Bailén (revision 1380365527), licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: excerpted from the article lead section; shortened by selecting paragraphs and trimming at a sentence boundary; formatting and citations removed. No text added.

Location

38.1000, -3.8000 · Spain

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Nearby battles

Other battles of the Peninsular War

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Browse more: battles in Spain · Europe · 19th century battles

Further reading